US Census
http://www.census.gov/
People: Population, Age & Sex, Aging, Disability, Education, Employment, Income, Origins and Language, Poverty, Race & Ethnicity, Relationships, Veterans
Housing: Physical Characteristics (Units, Ownership, Vacancy), Financial Characteristics (Mortgage Status, Rental Costs, Median Rent, Values)
Business and Government: Economic Fact Sheet for an Industry, Business and Industry, Foreign Trade, Government, Maps
Texas Workforce Commission
http://www.tracer2.com
Employment, Industry, Income, Wage, Establishment data
City of Houston
http://www.houstontx.gov
Official City of Houston Services Data
City of Houston Demographic Data
http://www.houstontx.gov/planning/Demographics/dem_links.htm
About Planning, Directory, Annexation, Community Planning, Demographics, Development Regulations, Forms, Economic Programs, Historic Preservation/HAHC, Planning Commission, Planning Studies, Plat Submittal/Agenda, Publications, Related Links, Stop Trashing Houston, Super Neighborhoods, Tower Commission
Greater Houston Partnership
http://www.houston.org/media/dataSheets.asp
Art, Business, Corporate Headquarters, Demography, Economy, Education, Employment, Energy, Healthcare, International Business, Quality of Place, Real Estate, Taxes, Transportation
Bureau of Economic Analysis
http://www.bea.gov
National and Regional Economic Information, GDP, Income, Trade, Investments
Bureau of Labor Statistics
http://www.bls.gov/
Inflation, wages, productivity, demographics, employment, occupations, industry
Wikipedia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Houston
History of Houston and related information